Egypt says a number of its fans who travelled to Sudan for a match on Wednesday to decide which of the sides would go to next year's World Cup finals in South Africa were assaulted by Algerians.
Algeria beat Egypt 1-0 with local police saying that there was little violence due to the massive security operation mounted.
"There were minor incidents, four people were lightly wounded," Abdel Majid al-Tayeb, the Khartoum police chief, said.
About 15,000 police officers had been deployed for the match and supporters had been kept apart before kick-off.
'Stones thrown'
However, Egyptian fans said that stones were thrown at their bus as they made their way back to Khartoum airport after the loss.
Hatem al-Gabali, Egypt's health minister, told state television that 21 Egyptians were injured in attacks in Sudan.
"All of them are considered minor injuries," he said.
Al Jazeera's Amr el-Khaky, reporting from Cairo, said that diplomatic relations between Cairo and Algiers were normally very good.
"In spite of the violence in football games, including the attack of Egyptian fans on the Algerian players in 1998, all these things have passed away as the relationship between the two governments has always been excellent," he said.
"But the growing pressure from the Egyptian street to step in and find some resolution to these Algerian actions either in Algeria or in Sudan is mainly behind this action by Egypt today.
'Assaults and intimidation'
Thursday's summons was the second time Abdelkader Hadjar, the Algerian ambassador, had been called to the foreign ministry in a week after a previous fixture between the two sides in Cairo had led to to attacks on Egyptian businesses and homes in Algiers.
"Egypt also expressed its outrage and it denunciation after continuing reports and many appeals from Egyptian citizens residing in Algeria over the assaults and intimidation they face," the ministry said in a statement.
The earlier match played last Saturday between the two sides in Cairo had also triggered violence, with the Algerian team complaining that their team bus was attacked by Egyptian fans.
Egypt had won the match 2-0, forcing Wednesday night's play-off in Sudan.
Meanwhile, football's world governing body charged Egypt's football federation over the violence before the Cairo match.
"Disciplinary proceedings have been opened against the Egyptian Football Association," Fifa said in a statement on Thursday.
"According to the official reports received by FIFA, on November 12 there were incidents affecting the Algerian team on their way from the airport to the hotel."